1.- living organism
Cells are the smallest unit of life. All living organisms are made up of cells.
Living organisms can be unicellular o pluricellular.
- Unicellular organism consist of a single cell.
- Multicellular organism made up many different cells.
animal cell
Animal and plant cells have some structures in common:
- a nucleus: it controls the functions of the cell.
- a cell membrane: it controls the sustances that enter and leave the cell.
- cytoplasm: it is a jelly-like substantes and contains the organelles of the cell, the nucleous , the cytoplasm, and so on.
- vacuoles: they are storage bubbles that contain water and minerals necessary for the cell to grow.
plant cell
Plant cells have a nucleus, a membrane, a cytoplasm and vacuoles. Apart from that, thel also have:
- Choroplast that contain clorophyll to performe the process of photosynthesis. Photosynthesis is the process in which plants, algae produce their own food.
- Cell wall , protects and shaped the cell.
2.-life proceesses
All living things carry ou three main processes: nutrition , interaction and reproduction.
nutrition
All living organism take in nutrients from the enviroment to obtain energy. This energy allows then to grow and change. They obtain nutrientes from food.
- PLANTS make their own food. They need sunlight, water and minerals salts to performe photosinthesis.
- ANIMALS feed on other organisms. Animals can be: carnivores, herbivores and omnivores.
- DECOMPOSER feed on remains of dead organisms such as bacteria and fungi.
interaction
All organism react to the stimuli and changes of the environment. This stimulus produces a reaction ( response).
reproduction
All living things need to reproduce for their species to survive.
Reproduction can be: SEXUAL and ASEXUAL.
- Sexual reproduction involves a female and a male of the same species.
- Asexual reproduction is common in unicellular organisms such as bacteria.
Animal can be: VIVIPAROUS AND OVIPAROUS.
- VIiviparous animals are born from their mothers womb.
- Oviparous animals lay eggs.
Most plants grow from seed or spores. Animals lay eggs or have babies.
3. organisation of living organisms.
types of cells:
Animals and plants have many specialised cells.
- PLANT CELLS:
Leaf cells: absorb sunligh.
Roots hair cells: absorb water.
- ANIMAL CELLS:
Red blood cells: carry oxygen around the body. They are red because carry haemoglobin.
White blood cells: they protect the body from bacteria, viruses .
Nerve cells: they carry information from the the barin to the rest of the body. Sense organs transmit information to the brain.
LEVELS OF ORGANIZATION:
CELLS, TISSUES , ORGANS & SYSTEMS.
TISSUES: In multicellular living things , groups of the same type of cell joint together to form tissues.
ORGANS: Tissues joint together to form organs. All the tissues in an organ work together to perform a common function.
SYSTEM: Organs working together to perform the same function form systems.
4.- organisation of living things
